Postcoital test. Mucus is examined microscopically between 2 and 12 hours after coitus at midcycle for total number of sperm seen per high-powered field and percentage and quality of motility.

A satisfactory test is one in which many (more than 10)motile spermatozoa are seen per high-powered field.

The results of the test are unsatisfactory if:
a. No spermatozoa are seen (azoospermia).
b. The majority of spermatozoa are immotile.
c. Very few spermatozoa are present.
d. Motility is characterized by a “shaking” movement rather than forward motility.
e. Hostile cervical mucus is present.

Analysis for sperm antibodies.

Sometimes, antibodies to sperm may be present in the male or female and are responsible for fertility impairment.

Sperm antibodies may be measured in:
- Seminal plasma
- Male serum
- Female reproductive tract fluid
- Female serum
Methods for finding are standard. (IFA)

For be able to enter trough the zona pellucida of humen egg spermatozoon should have good anatomy, and in some cases entrants is impossible.
For diagnostic of that kind of damage next test.
Zona-free hamster ovum fertilization test is the test for in vitro fertilization. It is the investigation for ability of spermatozoa to enter the ooplasm of the hamster egg witch haven’t the zona pellucida.

Popularity: 25% [?]

Investigation on Male Infertility

Semen analysis is conventionally performed by a trained technician using a microscope. Computerised form of semen analysis could raise speed, quality and cost.

Conditions for spermogramm includes:
Sexual continence during 3-7 days
Investigation in 1-2 hours
Waiting for 20-30 minutes in temperature 20-24 C

The WHO criteria for normal spermogramm:
Volume: > 2 ml
pH 7,2-7,8
Concentration: > 20 million/ml
Motility: > 25% with forward motility (within 60 mins of ejaculation)
Morphology: > 50% normal forms
White blood cells: <1 million/ml

Conclusion of Spermogramm
Normal results – normospermia
Producing few sperm – oligospermia.
Absence of spermatozoa in sperm – azoospermia.
Absence of sperm – aspermia.
A sample of sperm that is normal in number but shows poor motility – asthenozoospermia.
Normal results in volume and motility, but number of normal form spermatozoa less then 50 % – teratozooospermia

Popularity: 25% [?]

Female causes

1. General factors
Diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, adrenal disease
Significant liver, kidney disease
Psychological factors

2.Hypothalamic-pituitary factors:
Kallmann syndrome
Hypothalamic dysfunction
Hyperprolactinemia
Hypopituitarism

3.Ovarian factors
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Anovulation
Diminished ovarian reserve
Luteal dysfunction
Premature menopause
Gonadal dysgenesis (Turner syndrome)
Ovarian neoplasm

4.Tubal/peritoneal factors
Endometriosis
Pelvic adhesions
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID, usually due to chlamydia)
Tubal occlusion

5.Uterine factors
Uterine malformations
Uterine fibroids (leiomyoma)
Asherman’s Syndrome

6.Cervical factors
Cervical stenosis
Antisperm antibodies
Insufficient cervical mucus (for the travel and survival of sperm)

7.Vaginal factors
Vaginismus
Vaginal obstruction

8.Genetic factors
Various intersexed conditions, such as androgen insensitivity syndrome

Popularity: 18% [?]

Speaking about Infertility, it had been one of the major concern today. Lots of studies and researches had been started to overcome this obstacles.

Previously, women are blamed most often if the married partner don’t have any children or pregnancies. But the world todays had changed! Both women and men are carry the equal responsibility on this problem.

What is infertility? It is not being able to get pregnant after at least one year of trying.

It divided into Primary and Secondary. Primary infertility is the inability to conceive in a couple who have had no previous pregnancies. While Secondary infertility is difficulty conceiving after already having conceived and carried pregnancy.

In world population today, there are 10%-20% of the reproductive age couples are INFERTILE! Which means 2 out of 10 couples are INFERTILE! This number is BIG!

Let’s see the divisions of problems. 50% is caused by women, 40% is caused by men and 10% is caused by unknown reasons.

In this post, I will share about the causes from the men. and in next post causes from women.

It is divided into
Pretesticular causes, Testicular causes and Post Testicular causes.

Pretesticular causes include:
Endocrine problems, i.e. diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders
Hypothalamic disorders, i.e. Kallmann syndrome
Hyperprolactinemia
Hypopituitarism
Hypogonadism due to various causes
Psychological factors
Drugs, alcohol

Testicular factors include:
Genetic defects on the Y chromosome
Abnormal set of chromosomes
Klinefelter syndrome
Neoplasm, e.g. seminoma
Idiopathic failure
Cryptorchidism
Varicocele
Trauma
Hydrocele
Mumps
Testicular dysgenesis syndrome

Posttesticular causes include
Vas deferens obstruction
Infection, e.g. prostatitis
Retrograde ejaculation
Hypospadias
Impotence

Those are the important causes of men infertility! Of course, the detailed reasons will be a lot!

Popularity: 29% [?]

When is your last medical health check up? For me, it was 3 months ago, how about you? Couldn’t find out when it is?

Nevermind, with kaiser permanente, I will not have to worry about your health condition. Why? They are God? No, they aren’t. They have the kaiser health insurance plans, largest non-profit health plan to protect you. They will provide you with the accurate and updated health news. Informing you about the latest information. They are currently serving more than 8 millions people in 9 states.

Get your kaiser medical insurance today, it is very easy. You can quote it online by simple clicks. And the most important thing, the rates provided will be the lowest you can ever find at other places. So get your medical insurance today and also make sure your family members also have it.

If it, you can live in peace. They will cover most of the fees during your hospitalizations and visits to physicians. And of course, nobody want to be hospitalized, but nobody know what will happen tomorrow.

Popularity: 38% [?]

Newer Posts »